Synthesis and Characterization of Stereoselective Ozonides for Sustainable Textile Wet Processes
Main Article Content
Abstract
This study focuses on the stereoselective synthesis of ozonides for potential applications in different textiles processes. By synthesizing controlled ozonide in a closed-circuit reactor, high stereoselectivity (>90% ozonide formation) was achieved, enabling sustainable denim fading, cotton bleaching and/or different textile washing processes. This method will significantly reduce water usage and chemical discharge compared to traditional processes. In-depth analyses using UV-vis spectroscopy, FTIR, NMR, X-ray diffraction (XRD), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and oxidation-reduction potential (OPR) measurements demonstrate selective chromophore degradation without cellulose degradation, confirming the role of ozonide intermediates in targeted oxidation. This innovation aligns with the EU Green Deal principles, which promote circular economy applications in textiles. Its scalability and low energy profile highlight its applicability for eco-efficient textile production.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
References
Ahn, Y., Hwang, G., Hong, S. M., Kim, J. H., Lee, C. H., Choi, H., & Chae, H. G. (2018). Dry and wet ozonation of denim: Degradation products, reaction kinetics and ecotoxicity assessment. Chemosphere, 204, 306-313.
Bailey, P. S. (1978). Ozonation in organic chemistry: Olefinic compounds. Academic Press.
Balcı, O., & Oğulata, R. T. (2006). Researchıng Of Effect Of Dyestuff Dıscolorıng Made By Dıfferent Reductıve Washıng Agents On Fabric Dimensional Propertıes. Textile and Apparel, 16(3), 194-199.
Ben Fraj, N., Jeddi, M., & Sakli, F. (2021). Effects of ozone treatment on denim garment properties. Coloration Technology, 137(5), 452-460. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/cote.12568
Brown, M. W., Djerassi, C., & Hammond, G. S. (1996). Direct mass spectrometric analysis of ozonides: Application to unsaturated glycerophosphocholine lipids. Analytical Chemistry, 68(19), 3224-3230. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/ac960302c
Diaz, M. F., González, S., Romeo, L., Rey, B., & Sánchez, L. (2023). Ozonated oils as antimicrobial systems in topical applications: Their characterization, current applications, and advances in improved delivery techniques. Pharmaceutics, 15(2), 567.
Dorel, R., & Alabugin, I. V. (2017). Stereoelectronic control in the ozone-free synthesis of ozonides. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 56(18), 4995-4999. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201610699
Eren, S., & Yetişir, İ. (2018). Ozone bleaching of woven cotton fabric. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 24(7), 1245-1248. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5505/pajes.2017.82231
Eroğlu N. S., (2023). Sustainability Approaches In Denim Products And Production Processes, Tekstil ve Mühendis, 30: 132, 335- 350. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7216/teksmuh.1268723
Griesbaum, K., Dong, Y., & McCullough, K. J. (1993). Co-ozonolysis of 2-methyl-2-butene with 1,1-dimethoxyethene: A simple synthesis of tetrasubstituted ozonides. Journal of Organic Chemistry, 58(25), 7051-7053.
Hossain, M. A., Uddin, M. Z., & Islam, M. S. (2025). Comparative study on the sequential effects of ozone and single bath enzyme-laser treatment on denim fabric. Research Square Preprint.
Islam, M. N.-U., Rahman, M. M., & Akter, S. (2025). Superiority of sustainable ozone wash over conventional denim washing technique. Journal of Textile Science & Engineering, 15(2), 45-56.
Mohamed A. Hassaan, Ahmed El Nemr. Advanced Oxidation Processes for Textile Wastewater Treatment. International Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology. Vol. 2, No. 3, 2017, pp. 85-93
Nawaz, N., Cavallo, A., & Dhamodharan, R. (2023). Critical review on sustainability in denim: A step toward changing the unsustainable course of the industry. Sustainability, 15(4), 3142.
O'Neill, P. M., Barton, V. E., & Ward, S. A. (2010). The molecular mechanism of action of lead antimalarial drug candidates. Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry, 10(15), 1537-1556.
Perincek, S., & Acar, K. (2017). Ozone: New tendency in textile finishing. IFATCC Journal, 13, 1-6.
Puši´c, T.; Šantak, V.; Dekani´c, T.; Curlin, M. Ozone- ˇ Mediated Washing Process of Reference Stain Textile Monitors. Polymers 2025, 17, 1906 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17141906
Sancar Beşen, B., & Balcı, O. (2016). Fading of Cotton Yarn Colored with C. I. Vat Blue I (Indigo Dye) via Ozone Application. Ozone: Science & Engineering, 38(5), 395–409. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01919512.2016.1204529
Sancar, B., & Balcı, O. (2013). Decolorization of Different Reactive Dye Wastewaters by O3 and O3 Ultrasound Alternatives Depending on Different Working Parameters. Textile Research Journal, 0–0. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0040517512460298
Sato, N., Suzuki, K., & Yamamoto, Y. (2024). Synthesis of ozonides mediated by molecular sieve under solvent-free conditions. Tetrahedron, 165, 134137. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2024.134137
Smith, J., & Jones, A. (2021). Ozonolysis of oleic acid: Products and mechanisms revisited. Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 125(15), 3402-3412.
Thomas, J. C., Smith, R. E., & Murphy, D. L. (2022). Stability of terpenoid-derived secondary ozonides in aqueous solution: A theoretical and experimental study. The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 126(31), 4992-5003.
Uğur, S. S., & Pehlivan, E. (2022). Laser and ozone applications for circularity journey in denim washing. Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry, 36, 100642.
Uddin, F. Environmental hazard in textile dyeing wastewater from local textile industry. Cellulose 28, 10715–10739 (2021). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-021-04228-4
Yildirim, N., & Okur, A. (2024). Eco-friendly ozone process for denim garments as an alternative to conventional washing. Fibers and Polymers, 25(6), 1-12.
Zeronian, S. H., & Inglesby, M. K. (1995). Bleaching of cellulose by hydrogen peroxide. Cellulose, 2(4), 265–272. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00811817